Component Video

 

Component Video is also called YPbPr, or YCbCr and transmits the picture information in a luminance and phase-opposite chrominance pair over three coax cables [Red, Green, and Blue]. RGB [Red, Green, Blue] is some times also called Component Video, but combine the color, black and white signal

YPbPr is 'sometimes' used when discussing the three-wire analog video component interface EIA-770 [EIA-770.2-a SMPTE-240M and others]. The luminance (Y) is represented separately from the color components (Pb and Pr).
In some cases The Y output is provided as a Green jack, the Pb is provided as a Blue jack, and the Pr is provided as a Red jack. The 'Y' signal carries the black and white information, The 'Pb' and 'Pr' signals carry the color difference signals.

YCbCr is used when discussing a digital component interface ITU-601 or ITU-656 digital interfaces (formerly CCIR-601, CCIR-656). Y is Luminance, Cb is Blue Chromanance, and Cr is Red Chromanance. CCIR-601 defines an 8-bit DIGITAL 2's compliment coding for component video

RGB is the component format in which the primary colors (red, green, and blue) are transmitted as three independent components. The color, black and white signals are combined within these three signals. Only using RGB inputs requires separate horizontal and vertical sync inputs. RGB presents a better [TV] signal than the other forms of Component video, S-Video, Composite Video, or RS-170. RGB sends each signal on a separate cable and does not mix the color signals.

Component Video Cable

{Video Bus Index}

 

 

 

Composite Video

Single "Yellow" (shielded) RCA jack [75 ohm coax cable], which is not to be confused with the Audio (Red and White) jacks of the newer three cable systems, or just a single black wire in the older systems. It's a composite of the black-and-white information (Y) and the color information (C). Composite Video may also be called VBS [Video, Blanking and Syncs], or CVBS [Color, Video, Blanking, and Sync]. S-Video is better than Composite Video, and Component Video is better than either of them

 

Composite Video Cable

 

Video Graphics Adapter [VGA] interface is used as an interface between a Personal Computer and a Monitor. The VGA interface was introduced in 1987 which was followed by Super VGA [SVGA] in 1990. So the signal pinout listed on this page is obsolete, use the pin out on the SVGA page instead.

VGA is a superset of EGA, incorporating all EGA modes. Older displays sent digital signals to the monitor, while VGA and later standards send analog signals. This change was necessary to allow for more color precision. The EGA video display interface is OBSOLETE.

The VGA interface provided a resolution of 640 x 480 pixels at a bandwidth of 36MHz, with the SVGA screen resolution having 800 x 600 pixels at a bandwidth of 45MHz. The VGA Interface bus uses either a 9-pin or 15-pin D-sub connector. The table below provides the pinout and signal names for either the DB15-pin or DB9-pin video connector.

The connector may be advertised having a number of different options. Assuming a 15-pin VGA connector on both the Monitor and PC; the cable will indicate 15 pins. The 15-Pin connector will have 3 rows of 5 pins or sockets. DB is the family, HD [High Density] is the style, M is Male [Pins], F is Female [Sockets]. Normally Equipment [PCs and Monitors] use sockets, so the cable needs to have pins [Male] to mate with the device. A normal cable may indicate HD15 Male to HD15 Male, or DB15 Male to DB15 Male, or high-density DB15 connector. In some cases the connectors may be called a mini-sub D15. The conductors will be 28 AWG in size. The length of the cable will vary depending on the quality, the better the cable is made the longer the length. When the cable uses a 15-pin connector and indicates a certain resolution then it may also comply with the SVGA standard. A Shielded cable is better then a non-Shielded cable. The cable may also indicate it contains EMI beads to reduce noise, again it may be a higher quality cable.

A listing on OEM D-sub connector manufacturers may be found on the Connector Manufacturers page, and this page points to Cable Assemblies.

VGA Connector Pin Out

Pin #	15-Pin D	15-Pin D	----	9-Pin D	9-Pin D
---	Name	Description	----	Name	Description
1	RED Video	Red Video	----	RED Video	Red Video
2	GREEN Video	Green Video	----	GREEN Video	Green Video
3	BLUE Video	Blue Video	----	BLUE Video	Blue Video
4	ID2	Monitor ID, Bit #2	----	HSYNC	Horizontal Sync
5	GND	Ground	----	VSYNC	Vertical Sync
6	RGND	Red Ground	----	RGND	Red Ground
7	GGND	Green Ground	----	GGND	Green Ground
8	BGND	Blue Ground	----	BGND	Blue Ground
9	Key	No pin installed	----	SGND	Sync Ground
10	SGND	Sync Ground	----	----	----
11	ID0	Monitor ID Bit #0	----	----	----
12	ID1	Monitor ID Bit #1	----	----	----
13	HSYNC	Horizontal Sync	----	----	----
14	VSYNC	Vertical Sync	----	----	----
15	ID3	Monitor ID Bit #3	----	----	----

 

DVI-I connectorr

29 pin DVI Connector PinOut and Signal Names

Pin #	Signal Name	Pin #	Signal Name	Pin #	Signal Name
1	TMDS Data2-	9	TMDS Data1-	17	TMDS Data0-
2	TMDS Data2+	10	TMDS Data1+	18	TMDSData0+
3	TMDS Data2/4 Shield	11	TMDS Data1/3 Shield	19	TMDS Data0/5 Shield
4	TMDS Data4-	12	TMDS Data3-	20	TMDS Data5-
5	TMDS Data4+	13	TMDS Data3+	21	TMDS Data5+
6	DDC Clock [SCL]	14	+5 V Power	22	TMDS Clock Shield
7	DDC Data [SDA]	15	Ground (for +5 V)	23	TMDS Clock +
8	Analog vertical sync	16	Hot Plug Detect	24	TMDS Clock -
C1	Analog Red	--	--	--	--
C2	Analog Green	--	--	--	--
C3	Analog Blue	--	--	--	--
C4	Analog Horizontal Sync	--	--	--	--
C5	Analog GND Return: (analog R, G, B)	--	--	--	--

DVI has a number of different types connectors:
DVI-D Digital only connector; 24 pins [modified D style];
DVI-A Analog only; [modified D style], I don't think this is part of the standard
DVI-I Digital and Analog [RGB]; 29 pins [modified D style]
DFP Digital Flat Panel, Digital only connector. Pinout is listed on the DFP page

DVI Connector